Condiciones socioculturales y experiencia del embarazo en adolescentes de Jalisco, México: estudio cualitativo / Socio-cultural conditions and teenage pregnancy experience in Jalisco, Mexico: a qualitative study

Describir las condiciones socioculturales y la experiencia de adolescentes embarazadas en Guadalajara, Jalisco (México).Materiales y métodos: investigación cualitativa, con enfoque estudio de caso "típico", en el que se identificaron, en un listado de control prenatal a julio 2014, en un centro de salud de Guadalajara, Jalisco, adolescentes embarazadas que vivieran en la zona urbana, llevaran control prenatal en esta unidad de salud y aceptaran participar en el estudio con el consentimiento del tutor. Se analizaron las variables socioculturales en el expediente clínico, la tarjeta de control prenatal y una encuesta elaborada por investigadores. Se levantaron tres grupos focales, indagando: a) significación social del embarazo, b) experiencia del embarazo c) embarazo, familia, pareja y servicios de salud. Las variables socioculturales se analizaron en Epi-Info 7, calculando frecuencias, porcentajes, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. Las entrevistas cualitativas se analizaron semióticamente.Resultados: se identificaron 48 adolescentes, de las cuales solo 42 reunieron criterios de selección. La mediana de edad fue de 18 (rango de 13 a 19 años); solo 19 % continuaron estudiando; 59,5 % eran amas de casa, 21,4 % tenían ingresos económicos propios y 78,6 % no utilizaron método de planificación familiar previo al embarazo. Cualitativamente, el embarazo les significó "madurar" y ser "más felices"...

To describe the social and cultural conditions and the experience of pregnancy among teenage girls in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.Materials and methods: Qualitative research with a "typical" case approach based on the identification, from the pre-natal care list of a healthcare centre in Guadalajara, Jalisco, of pregnant teenage girls living in the urban area who received antenatal care in that centre and who agreed to participate in the study with the consent of their guardians, until July 2014. The analysis was based on the social and cultural variables included in the clinical record, the pre-natal care card, and a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The work was done with three focus groups and the questions covered: a) the social meaning of pregnancy; b) the experience of pregnancy; and c) pregnancy, family, couple and healthcare services. The social and cultural variables were analysed using the Epi-Info 7, estimating frequencies, percentages, central trend measurements and scatter. The semiotic analysis approach was used for the qualitative interviews.Results: Of the 48 teenagers identified, only 42 met the selection criteria. The mean age was 18 years (range 13 to 19). Only 19 % continued with their education, 59.5 % were housewives, 21.4 % earned their own income, and 78.6 % had not used any form of family planning before the pregnancy. Qualitatively, the pregnancy helped them "mature" and made them "happier". They reported having dropped out from school because of clinical symptoms and changes in their physical appearance. They also reported lack of privacy in the healthcare services, and pointed to online media as the primary source of information regarding the topic of sexuality...

El Campus Virtual de Salud Pública: seis años de formar recursos humanos en México / Virtual Campus of Public Health: six years of human resources education in Mexico

Este trabajo muestra, desde el punto de vista de la normatividad de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS), el proceso de gestación, la metodología de implementación y los resultados obtenidos de la iniciativa de formación de recursos humanos en salud vía e-learning a través del Campus Virtual de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México, a seis años de su inicio. Se trata de un informe especial del trabajo realizado por el comité institucional del campus virtual en la región occidental de México para generar un portal de Internet que se ajustara a los lineamientos del Modelo Estratégico establecido por el Nodo México y la OPS para la Región de las Américas. Este Campus Virtual inició sus actividades en el año 2007. Su filosofía es el uso de software libre y la colaboración entre instituciones. El nodo fue implementado en un año y ha logrado capacitar a más de 500 profesionales de la salud a través de cursos virtuales, su plataforma educativa y un repositorio de recursos virtuales de aprendizaje con interoperabilidad con los repositorios de México y de la Región de las Américas. El comité del Campus Virtual de la Universidad de Guadalajara ha intentado respetar lo más posible al modelo propuesto, lo que ha permitido cumplir la mayoría de los objetivos fijados en el plan de trabajo inicial, aunque ha enfrentado una serie de dificultades administrativas y de motivación de sus integrantes.

This paper discusses the gestation process, implementation methodology, and results obtained from the initiative to use e-learning to train human resources for health, six years after the launch of the Virtual Campus of Public Health of the University of Guadalajara (Mexico); the discussion is framed by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) standards and practices. This is a special report on the work done by the institutional committee of the Virtual Campus in western Mexico to create an Internet portal that follows the guidelines of the strategic model established by Nodo México and PAHO for the Region of the Americas. This Virtual Campus began its activities in 2007, on the basis of the use of free software and institutional collaboration. Since the initial year of implementation of the node, over 500 health professionals have been trained using virtual courses, the node's educational platform, and a repository of virtual learning resources that are interoperable with other repositories in Mexico and the Region of the Americas. The University of Guadalajara Virtual Campus committee has followed the proposed model as much as possible, thereby achieving most of the goals set in the initial work plan, despite a number of administrative challenges and the difficulty of motivating committee members.

[Virtual Campus of Public Health: six years of human resources education in Mexico]. / El Campus Virtual de Salud Pública: seis años de formar recursos humanos en México.

This paper discusses the gestation process, implementation methodology, and results obtained from the initiative to use e-learning to train human resources for health, six years after the launch of the Virtual Campus of Public Health of the University of Guadalajara (Mexico); the discussion is framed by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) standards and practices. This is a special report on the work done by the institutional committee of the Virtual Campus in western Mexico to create an Internet portal that follows the guidelines of the strategic model established by Nodo México and PAHO for the Region of the Americas. This Virtual Campus began its activities in 2007, on the basis of the use of free software and institutional collaboration. Since the initial year of implementation of the node, over 500 health professionals have been trained using virtual courses, the node's educational platform, and a repository of virtual learning resources that are interoperable with other repositories in Mexico and the Region of the Americas. The University of Guadalajara Virtual Campus committee has followed the proposed model as much as possible, thereby achieving most of the goals set in the initial work plan, despite a number of administrative challenges and the difficulty of motivating committee members.